http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/6744 2026-04-04T13:01:46Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/18763 PARTICIPATION IN SUSTAINABLE SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PROJECTS AND ITS EFFECTS ON YOUTH EMPOWERMENT IN KISUMU CITY, KENYA Rose Wanjiru Mithamo, Patrick Gudda, Robert Kinanga Participation in sustainable solid waste management (SWM) projects is increasingly recognized as a catalyst for youth empowerment in urban Africa. This study examined Participation in Sustainable Solid Waste Management Projects and Its Effects on Youth Empowerment in Kisumu City, Kenya, focusing on how youth involvement in waste collection, disposal, and recycling contributes to social, economic, and innovative empowerment outcomes. Guided by Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory, Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory, and Deci and Ryan’s Self-Determination Theory, the study analyzed how youth engagement in waste collection, disposal, and recycling influences empowerment outcomes. A cross-sectional design was adopted, targeting 320 youth, with 175 respondents selected through stratified random sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS Version 26. Descriptive statistics summarized the data, while ordinal regression assessed relationships among variables. Findings revealed a strong, positive, and statistically significant relationship between youth participation in SWM activities and empowerment outcomes. Waste collection (β = 1.719, p < .05), waste disposal (β = 2.188, p < .05), and recycling (β = 4.625, p < .05) significantly influenced empowerment, accounting for 59.3 percent of its variation. The study concludes that youth participation enhances environmental awareness, leadership, social inclusion, and economic independence. It recommends that policymakers, NGOs, and local governments strengthen youth engagement through capacity building, financial support, and improved waste infrastructure. 2025-11-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/18762 Strategic Risk Mitigation and Its Influence on Selected Road Construction Projects Delivery in Kenya George Onyango Agumba, Patrick Gudda, Simon Mwaura To assess the effect of risk mitigation strategies on project delivery, this study focused on three Kenyan roads: the 27 km Nairobi Expressway (A8), the 172 km Isebania-Kisii-Ahero (A1) corridor, and the 219 km Kenol-Isiolo highway (A2). Structured questionnaires were used to collect primary data, supplemented by secondary data from reputable web sources. The analysis employed both descriptive and inferential statistics. Using SPSS version 26, a moderated hierarchical multiple linear regression model was fitted to evaluate how dynamic capabilities influenced the relationship between risk management strategies and road project delivery outcomes. The model showed the predictors accounted for 37.1% of the variance in delivery (R² = .371, Adj R² = .299). This was statistically significant, F(4, 35) = 5.167, p < .05, with the key predictor showing a significant effect (t = 6.049, p < .05). Key findings revealed that resource risk avoidance, human resource risk reduction and insurance risk transference significantly influenced road construction project delivery. While dynamic capabilities enhanced the relationship between these three strategies and project delivery, they did not moderate the effect of project control. Consequently, the study urges construction firms to deepen their application of resource risk avoidance, human resource risk reduction, and insurance transference, primarily by investing in capacity building for risk and project management. 2025-10-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/18761 RESOURCE RISK MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES AND ROAD CONSTRUCTION PROJECT DELIVERY IN KENYA George Onyango Agumba, Patrick Gudda, Simon Mwaura This study sought to determine the influence of resource risk management strategies on delivery of road construction projects in Kenya, with the main focus on Nairobi Expressway, Kenol-Marua and Isebania-Ahero road projects. This study used an explanatory research design that tries to understand a problem that has not been conclusively researched. This study collected both primary and secondary data. The primary data were collected from 45 respondents in the management level using questionnaires. Quantitative data were analyzed by calculating the response rate with descriptive statistics such as means, median, standard deviation, and percentages using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 28. The analyzed data were presented by the use of graphs and frequency tables. The qualitative data was analyzed using content analysis where common themes were placed together and then subjected to descriptive statistics. The study revealed that Resource Risk Management Strategy had a positive significant effect on road construction project delivery at 95% confidence level(𝛽 = 0.34,𝑡(34) = 2.47, 𝑝 = 0.019). This indicated a positive and statistically significant relationship between resource risk management strategy and road construction project delivery. The significant positive effect of resource risk management strategies on road construction project delivery highlights their value in managing construction risks. Road construction companies are therefore encouraged to institutionalize resource risk management practices such as early procurement, use of efficient machinery, and employee welfare policies to enhance schedule adherence and budget compliance. The current study therefore strongly recommends that policymakers for example KeNHA should develop and enforce laws and regulations governing resource risk management strategies to ensure that all road construction companies comply with established guidelines, thereby minimizing delays caused by clearance processes with relevant authorities. 2025-08-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/18760 INFLUENCE OF PERSONNEL RISK MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES ON ROAD CONSTRUCTION PROJECT DELIVERY IN KENYA George Onyango Agumba, Patrick Gudda, Simon Mwaura This study sought to assess the influence of personnel risk management strategies on delivery of road construction projects in Kenya, with the main focus on Nairobi Expressway, Kenol-marua and Isebani-Ahero road projects. The aspect of the personnel risk management strategies that were examined were risk avoidance and risk mitigation. To accomplish the objectives explanatory approach research design sufficed, and random stratified sampling aimed at 3 road projects. Civil engineers, site engineers, contract engineers, quantity surveyors, and project managers acted as the key respondends. Quantitative data was analyzed by calculating the response rate with descriptive statistics such as means, median, standard deviation, and percentages using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 26. The analyzed data was presented by the use of frequency tables. The qualitative data was analyzed using content analysis where common themes were placed together and then subjected to descriptive statistics. The coefficient of determination R2 = 0.140 and R= 0.374 at 0.01significance level. The model indicated that personnel risk management explained 14% of the variation in project delivery (R2 = 0.14). In other words, 14% of the project deliveries were influenced by personnel risk management strategies. In the road construction project investigated, they employed competent workers, supervised efficiently, trained workers, rewarded employees, ensured communication is effective from administration to all the workforce, and promoted highly productive employees. The study recommended that Road Construction Company’s management should devise and implement personnel risk management strategies. They should ensure safety of employees is guaranteed and motivates them to maintain competent workers. Furthermore, implementation of the strategies to protect their employees from injuries and avoidance of risk or uncertainties associated with personnel risks should be highly considered. 2025-08-01T00:00:00Z