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Antiviral Activity of Dicrocephala Integrifolia (Kuntze)  Against Herpes Simplex Type-1 Virus: An in vitro Study

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dc.contributor.author Abdi Hussein Hadun
dc.contributor.author James Mucunu Mbaria
dc.contributor.author Gabriel Oluga Aboge
dc.contributor.author Mitchel Otieno Okumu
dc.contributor.author Antony Letoyah Yiaile
dc.date.accessioned 2018-06-21T07:12:41Z
dc.date.available 2018-06-21T07:12:41Z
dc.date.issued 2018
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/6906
dc.description.abstract At present, acyclovir is commercially available as the drug of choice for managing herpes simplex  type I (HSV-1) viral infection. However,  terpenoids the aqueous were DI extracts found to was be in present the range in 71.31 the extracts. ± 2.65 to The >100 CC  50 μg/ml values com- of  the high prevalence of the infection coupled with the emergence of resistant viral strains has limited its effectiveness. Thus, the  development of novel  pared the pre-adsorptive to >100 μg/ml phase of acyclovir. of HSV-1 The activity EC  50  values was in of the crude range extracts 54.45±3.45 of DI on to antiviral agents is crucial. Practitioners of herbal medicine in  Kenya make >100μg/ml compared to 4.772±7.81μg/ml of acyclovir whilst use of Dicrocephala integrifolia (DI) for the  management of several diseases of the crude extracts of DI on the post-adsorptive phase of including viral infections. However,  information on the efficacy of this plant against HSV-1 viral infection is not available. The aim of the present study was to  determine the in vitro antiviral activity of crude extracts of DI against HSV-1. Methods: Leaves, roots, flowers and stems of DI  were extracted using water (W) and methanol (ME) and qualitatively screened to identify the phytoconstituents present.  Furthermore, the anti HSV-1 activity of the obtained extracts was evaluated on Vero cell lines using the 3-[4, 5 dimeth-  ylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay. The 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC  50  Sample collection Whole plant material of DI (Figure 1) was collected from Mabariri, Nyamira county, Kenya (S 000 31. 367s, E  0340 56. 426s) by Dr. Abdi Hussein Hadun in December 2015. Taxonomic identification was done by Mr. Antony Mutiso, a  botanist at the University of Nairobi’s School of Biological Science. A voucher number AHH2015/01 was deposited at the  University of Nairobi herbarium for future reference.  Sample preparation Plant material was carefully washed and allowed to dry in a clean, well- ventilated room at the Department of  Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Nairobi. Dried parts were then ground to a fine powder using an  electric grinder and packed in zip-locked plastic bags awaiting further use.  Extraction of different plant parts The method of Mwitari et al.13 was used with minor modifications. Briefly, 350g of dry  powder material of different parts of DI were accurately weighed on an analytical balance, poured into separate conical flasks and  soaked in 1 liter of distilled water and methanol separately for 48 h with frequent shaking. The resultant mixtures were then  filtered. The aqueous filtrates were freethe HSV-1 EC  50 activity value  was in the range 45.270±4.31 to >100μg/ml compared to >100μg/ml of acyclovir. Conclusion: The results suggest that crude                                     extracts of DI may be a reservoir of phytochemicals with potentially good efficacy against HSV-1. Key words: Dicrocephala                                     integrifolia, Iin vitro, Cytotoxicity, Antiviral activity, HSV-1.  ze-dried to a lyophilized powder which was then weighed and transferred into clean  sample bottles and stored at -20oC awaiting further use. The organic filtrates were transferred to a rotavapor operating at 40°C to  remove residual solvent. The resulting product was then weighed and transferred to clean sample bottles, labelled and stored at  -20oc awaiting further use.  en_US
dc.language.iso en en_US
dc.title Antiviral Activity of Dicrocephala Integrifolia (Kuntze)  Against Herpes Simplex Type-1 Virus: An in vitro Study en_US
dc.type Learning Object en_US


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